Saturday, November 21, 2009

U.S. Fossil Fuel Resources: Terminology, Reporting, and Summary



LOCATION: R40872


What do you Learn: Since there is so much confusion about the state of the world's oil supply and other energy commodities. Policymakers are at a quandary are we at peak oil? Or is oil a natural process of the Earth? But before we can get to that point we need to have some baseline definitions about how much oil there is available for the 7.1 Billion Barrels of Oil, 23.2 Trillion cubic feet of Natural Gas, and 1.04 billion short tons of Coal that Americans consume each year. This report has that at its objective.

There are two basic terms that one must know to understand quantities of fossil fuel deposits. Proved Reserves and Undiscovered Resources. Proved Resources are deposits that in their discovered form are economically viable for extraction. They are such that they must be reported to the Securities and Exchange Commission are part of a corporation's capital assets. The second type of fossil fuel deposit is the category of undiscovered resources. They are those that are estimated to exist by the United States Geological Survey. There is a third term of "in place resources" but is seldom used because as they interestingly note that very little of a fossil deposit is ever extracted for commercial use. Those terms are important when looking at the newly discovered Bakken Oil formation in the Western US that there was a gap between the "in place oil" and that was economically viable for extraction.

Now how does this relate to current policy debates on Capitol Hill? Take This Press Release by Sen. Jim Inhofe notes when you add both the proved reserves and the recoverable resources one arrives at the figure of 167 billion barrels of oil. However, his opponents only look at the proved reserves figure of 21 billion barrels and claim that that is what this country has in terms of oil deposits. They go on to the specific components of how they arrive at those figure However they throw in this caveat "this is not a simple arithmetic exercise " since the there is fluctuation in the figures but nonetheless averages can be made.


Friday, November 20, 2009

Text and Multimedia Messaging: Emerging Issues for Congress








THE REPORT:Text and Multimedia Messaging: Emerging Issues for Congress

LOCATION: RL34632


WHAT DO YOU LEARN?: Congress is pondering is what do with all of those crazy teenagers and the rest of the population that loves to text on their cell phones. As of June 2009, 135 Billion text messages were being sent a month in aggregate by wireless customers in the United States. This report gives policymakers some introductory definitions of the 160 character pastime from what is SMS (Short Messaging Service) to what are Common Short Codes? (CSC's) They are the short number addresses used on tv shows like American Idol for a text message to reach its destination.



Basically the issues that face the wireless industry are placed into a "Diocletian Split" Are text and multimmedia messages regulated the same way you regulate phone messages whether it is phone to phone or based upon the devices email address? and Do you regulate the phone as you would electronic mail? The "same problem" "different platform" meme They use the example in the report spam sent between or from one phone does not fall under the legal defintion of spam however, if you send the message from the phone to the computer the message falls under the CAN-SPAM act.



The Report also goes in to detail about Distracted Driving while texting. 16% of all fatal automobile crashes were caused by distracted driving according to a DOT study. Senator Schumer and Rep. Carolyn MCarthy have both introduced the ALERT Drivers Act H.R. 3535 which stands for Avoiding Life Endangering and Reckless Texting by Drivers Act. It is now bottled up in committee on the house side. Currently 19 States and the District of Columbia have bans on Texting while driving.



Additionally noted, that the writer of this report believes "there is no evident reason" for messages on a computer to be treated differently under the CAN-SPAM ACT P.L. 108-187 . Specifically in the 111th congress S. 788 the m-Spam Act would regulate spam to mobile devices. Another major complaint of wireless subscribers about texting is their inability to disable texting.

The writer then addresses several other issues but then concludes by saying that the issues involving texting have not reached a crescendo for congress to get involved while some are being addressed by the wireless industry however, with 135 billion text messages being sent at $.10 a pop it is hard to see Congress not involved.